M5.4 earthquake 47 km S of Sand Point, Alaska

Thursday, September 21, 2023, 01:13:58 UTC · 54.914°N, 160.367°W

A magnitude 5.4 earthquake struck 47 km S of Sand Point, Alaska on Thursday, September 21, 2023, 01:13:58 UTC, at a depth of 50.3 km (shallow). USGS received 4 “Did You Feel It?” reports, with a maximum reported intensity of V (moderate). The USGS PAGER alert is green: low likelihood of casualties and damage. It is the strongest earthquake within 300 km since an M5.6 on August 3, 2023.

Tsunami flagUSGS sets this flag for large events in oceanic regions so tsunami warning centers review them. It does not by itself mean a tsunami occurred. Check tsunami.gov and local authorities for official messages.

Magnitude: 5.4; Moderate · mww
Depth: 50 km; Shallow
Felt reports: 4; Max intensity V
Est. shaking: IV; Light (ShakeMap)
PAGER alert: Green; Impact estimate
Tsunami: Flag; Check tsunami.gov

Outlined circle: this earthquakeDashed circle: 75 km aftershock search areaColoured lines: estimated shaking intensity (USGS ShakeMap)

In context

How big was it, and why here?

Energy released

2 kilotons of TNT

That is about 1/8 of the Hiroshima bomb. It released about 4 times the energy of a magnitude 5.0.

Tectonic setting

129 km

from the nearest mapped plate boundary, between the North American and Pacific plates. Earthquakes this far from a boundary happen on faults inside a plate, often less frequently but sometimes strongly.

Depth: shallow

50 km

Shallow earthquakes (under 70 km) produce the strongest surface shaking for their size, so they are the ones most likely to cause damage near the epicenter.

Did You Feel It?

Where it was felt

Reports sent by people to USGS, grouped by place (most reports first). Intensity uses the Modified Mercalli scale (I–X): what people felt, not the magnitude.

Place	Intensity	Reports	Distance
99661<br>0.320	V · Moderate	2	59 km
99612<br>0.330	V · Moderate	1	120 km
99583<br>0.330	III · Weak	1	242 km

I felt it — report to USGS ↗

USGS PAGER estimate

Who was exposed to shaking

Modelled from the ShakeMap and population data. Alert level green: low likelihood of casualties and damage.

IV · Light shaking: 1,700 people

Estimated shaking in nearby towns

Sand PointPopulation 976IV · Light

After the main event

Aftershocks within 75 km

USGS lists 31 M2.5+ earthquakes within 75 km in the following 30 days; the largest was M5.0 on September 22, 2023. Most nearby activity right after a large earthquake is aftershocks, which usually become less frequent over days and weeks.

Time after the mainshock on a logarithmic scale (first hours stretched), magnitude on the vertical axis. M2.5+ events from USGS.

Regional history

Past M5+ earthquakes within 300 km

USGS lists 394 M5.0+ earthquakes within 300 km before this one (catalog from 1900; older records are less complete). The strongest:

History · NOAA

Deadliest earthquakes in this area

NOAA’s significant-earthquake database lists 11 damaging, deadly or tsunami-generating earthquakes within 300 km of this epicenter since 1700, which together caused about 169 recorded deaths. The most severe:

1946M8.6
Unimak Island
1 Apr 1946 · 225 km away · intensity VI
168 deaths$26 million damagetsunami
2023M7.2
Alaska Peninsula
16 Jul 2023 · 56 km away · intensity VI
1 deathtsunami
2020M7.8
Alaska
22 Jul 2020 · 114 km away · intensity VII
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
1938M8.2
Alaska
10 Nov 1938 · 142 km away · intensity VI
tsunami
2021M8.2
Alaska Peninsula
29 Jul 2021 · 167 km away · intensity VIII
tsunami
1788M8.0
Alaska Peninsula
6 Aug 1788 · 42 km away
tsunami

NOAA NCEI Global Significant Earthquake Database. Historical figures are estimates; older records are incomplete.

Nearby trackers