M4.5 earthquake 77 km NNW of Insrom, Indonesia

Monday, March 18, 1996, 09:43:39 UTC · 0.532°S, 135.687°E

A magnitude 4.5 earthquake struck 77 km NNW of Insrom, Indonesia on Monday, March 18, 1996, 09:43:39 UTC, at a depth of 18.5 km (shallow). It is the strongest earthquake within 300 km since an M4.8 on March 15, 1996.

Magnitude: 4.5; Light · mb
Depth: 19 km; Shallow
Felt reports: 0; Did You Feel It?
Est. shaking: —; No ShakeMap
PAGER alert: None; Not issued
Tsunami: No flag; USGS feed

Outlined circle: this earthquakeDashed circle: 50 km aftershock search area

In context

How big was it, and why here?

Energy released

85 tons of TNT

That is about 1/178 of the Hiroshima bomb. A magnitude 5.0 releases about 6 times more energy.

Tectonic setting

54 km

from the nearest mapped plate boundary, between the Birds Head and Caroline plates. Earthquakes cluster along boundaries like this one, where plates collide, pull apart or slide past each other.

Depth: shallow

19 km

Shallow earthquakes (under 70 km) produce the strongest surface shaking for their size, so they are the ones most likely to cause damage near the epicenter.

Did You Feel It?

Where it was felt

No “Did You Feel It?” reports have been published for this event yet. If you felt it, you can add your report on the USGS website.

I felt it — report to USGS ↗

USGS PAGER estimate

Who was exposed to shaking

USGS publishes PAGER impact estimates for significant earthquakes, usually within an hour. No PAGER estimate is available for this event.

After the main event

Aftershocks within 50 km

USGS lists 5 M2.5+ earthquakes within 50 km in the following 30 days; the largest was M5.4 on April 15, 1996. Most nearby activity right after a large earthquake is aftershocks, which usually become less frequent over days and weeks.

Time after the mainshock on a logarithmic scale (first hours stretched), magnitude on the vertical axis. M2.5+ events from USGS.

Regional history

Past M5+ earthquakes within 300 km

USGS lists 200 M5.0+ earthquakes within 300 km before this one (catalog from 1900; older records are less complete). The strongest:

History · NOAA

Deadliest earthquakes in this area

NOAA’s significant-earthquake database lists 9 damaging, deadly or tsunami-generating earthquakes within 300 km of this epicenter since 1700, which together caused about 529 recorded deaths. The most severe:

1864M7.8
Irian Jaya: Manokwari
23 May 1864 · 92 km away · intensity VII
250 deathsSevere damage ($5–24M)tsunami
1996M8.2
New Guinea: Irian Jaya: Biak, Supiori
17 Feb 1996 · 146 km away · intensity IX
164 deaths$4 million damagetsunami
1979M7.9
New Guinea: Irian Jaya
12 Sep 1979 · 133 km away
115 deathsSevere damage ($5–24M)tsunami
1957M7.3
New Guinea: Irian Jaya
22 Jun 1957 · 181 km away
Severe damage ($5–24M)tsunami
1914M8.1
New Guinea: Irian Jaya: Japen
26 May 1914 · 201 km away · intensity IX
Moderate damage ($1–5M)tsunami
1985M7.1
New Guinea: Irian Jaya: Manokwari
17 Nov 1985 · 150 km away · intensity VIII
Limited damage (under $1M)

NOAA NCEI Global Significant Earthquake Database. Historical figures are estimates; older records are incomplete.

Nearby trackers