Reviewed by USGS18y ago
M4.0 earthquake in Vanuatu
Monday, September 1, 2008, 15:11:55 UTC · 19.283°S, 168.945°E
A magnitude 4.0 earthquake struck in Vanuatu on Monday, September 1, 2008, 15:11:55 UTC, at a depth of 42.8 km (shallow).
- Magnitude
- 4.0
- Light · mb
- Depth
- 43 km
- Shallow
- Felt reports
- 0
- Did You Feel It?
- Est. shaking
- —
- No ShakeMap
- PAGER alert
- None
- Not issued
- Tsunami
- No flag
- USGS feed
Outlined circle: this earthquakeDashed circle: 50 km aftershock search area
In context
How big was it, and why here?
Energy released
15 tons of TNT
That is about 1/998 of the Hiroshima bomb. A magnitude 5.0 releases about 32 times more energy.
Tectonic setting
112 km
from the nearest mapped plate boundary, between the New Hebrides and Australian plates. Earthquakes this far from a boundary happen on faults inside a plate, often less frequently but sometimes strongly.
Depth: shallow
43 km
Shallow earthquakes (under 70 km) produce the strongest surface shaking for their size, so they are the ones most likely to cause damage near the epicenter.
Did You Feel It?
Where it was felt
No “Did You Feel It?” reports have been published for this event yet. If you felt it, you can add your report on the USGS website.
I felt it — report to USGS ↗USGS PAGER estimate
Who was exposed to shaking
USGS publishes PAGER impact estimates for significant earthquakes, usually within an hour. No PAGER estimate is available for this event.
After the main event
Aftershocks within 50 km
USGS lists 1 M2.5+ earthquake within 50 km in the following 30 days; the largest was M4.0 on September 29, 2008. Most nearby activity right after a large earthquake is aftershocks, which usually become less frequent over days and weeks.
Regional history
Past M5+ earthquakes within 300 km
USGS lists 1,173 M5.0+ earthquakes within 300 km before this one (catalog from 1900; older records are less complete). The strongest:
- 8.11920 Vanuatu EarthquakeSeptember 20, 1920 · 92 km SW of this epicenter
- 7.999 km SW of Port-Vila, VanuatuDecember 2, 1950 · 169 km NW of this epicenter
- 7.828 km ESE of Isangel, VanuatuJune 16, 1910 · 72 km SE of this epicenter
- 7.663 km NW of Isangel, VanuatuOctober 14, 1913 · 23 km N of this epicenter
- 7.447 km NW of Isangel, VanuatuOctober 11, 1992 · 4 km N of this epicenter
- 7.363 km S of Port-Vila, VanuatuJuly 23, 1961 · 129 km NW of this epicenter
- 7.371 km SW of Isangel, VanuatuApril 9, 2008 · 88 km S of this epicenter
- 7.247 km NNW of Isangel, VanuatuNovember 24, 1944 · 31 km NE of this epicenter
History · NOAA
Deadliest earthquakes in this area
NOAA’s significant-earthquake database lists 29 damaging, deadly or tsunami-generating earthquakes within 300 km of this epicenter since 1700, which together caused about 26 recorded deaths. The most severe:
- 1875M8.1
Loyalty Islands: Lifou Island
28 Mar 1875 · 92 km away
26 deathsSevere damage ($5–24M)tsunami
- 1920M8.1
Loyalty Islands
20 Sep 1920 · 92 km away
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
- 1878M7.5
Tanna Island
10 Jan 1878 · 56 km away
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
- 1961M7.3
Vanuatu Islands
23 Jul 1961 · 111 km away · intensity VI
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
- 2002M7.2
Efate, Port Vila
2 Jan 2002 · 220 km away
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
- 1933M6.4
Malekula
19 Nov 1933 · 293 km away
Limited damage (under $1M)tsunami
NOAA NCEI Global Significant Earthquake Database. Historical figures are estimates; older records are incomplete.